South Korea faces a demographic crisis with low fertility rates and an aging population despite long-standing governmental interventions. In contrast, Sweden has maintained relatively higher fertility rates through comprehensive policies, including family support, labor market strategies, and immigration frameworks. Sweden’s policies evolved from targeted fertility measures in the 1930s to gender equality initiatives and socio-economic strategies that promote employment stability and social integration. South Korea can learn from Sweden's holistic approach by aligning family, labor, immigration, and pension policies while fostering a more inclusive immigration policy and reducing childcare burdens through cultural and institutional reforms.